Adang in Indonesia

2. Status

Status

Official country wide language
Official regional language
Official minority language
Recognised community language
Unrecognised community language

National language

No

Indigenous language

Yes

Administrative units of the country

Alor Barat Laut Subdistrict, Alor District, Province of East Nusa Tenggara

Comments

Adang is a local language. According to The Law of Number 24/2009, the national and official language of the country is Indonesia. The local language is the language that is used generationally by Indonesian people in the regions of NKRI territory.

3. State

Documentation: materials

Written

Extended corpora
Annotated corpora
Corpus/corpora
Materials/corpus
Some materials
No materials

Digital

Yes

divider

Video

Extended corpora
Annotated corpora
Corpus/corpora
Materials/corpus
Some materials
No materials

divider

Audio

Extended corpora
Annotated corpora
Corpus/corpora
Materials/corpus
Some materials
No materials

divider

Documentation: descriptions

Elaborated dictionaries, grammars, statistical language models, etc.
Dictionaries and grammars
Dictionary and grammar
Glossary and descriptions
Few descriptions
No descriptions

Digital

No

Standardization

Modern standard language
Young standard language
Standardised language
Quasi-standard language
Semi-standardised language
Un-standardised language

Graphisation & script encoding

Standardised writing system with full script encoding
Conventionalised writing system with partial script encoding
Consistent writing system with no script encoding
Unsystematic writing system(s)
Limited written use
No written use

4. Users

Geographical distribution

Users live and dominate in all regions of the country
Users live in one [state/...] of the country
Users live in a cross-border region [state/...] of the country
Users live in separated [states/...] of the country
Users live dispersed across one [state/...] of the country
Users live scattered all over the country

Settlements

Rural
Urban

Administrative units of the country

Alor Barat Laut Subdistrict, Alor Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province

Size / Number of users

Number of users

8265

Source

Population Census 2010 (Statistics Indonesia)

Year

2010

Comments

Question about daily language only asked for five years old or above respondents

Users within total population

Less than 1% use the language

Comments

The Adang language is only spoken in Alor Island, East Nusa Tenggara Province.

Users within the reference community

More than 50% use the language

Actual percentage

90

Source

"Kajian Vitalitas Bahasa Adang di Nusa Tenggara Timur" (2018). Research report of Pusat Pengembangan dan Pelindungan, Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa.

Year

2018

Comments

The Adang speakers are major population in Adang Buom, Otvay, and Aimoli villages, but not all of them can speak the Adang language. A majority speak the language.

Age distribution of users

5,887

71

percentage of members of middle generations (15-65)

Source

Population Census 2010 (Statistics Indonesia)

Year

2010

Age distribution of users

1,744

21

percentage of members of young generations (< 15)

Source

Population Census 2010 (Statistics Indonesia)

Year

2010

Age distribution of users

634

8

percentage of members of older generations (> 65)

Source

Population Census 2010 (Statistics Indonesia)

Year

2010

Generational use

50

Limited to middle and older generations

Source

"Kajian Vitalitas Bahasa Adang di Nusa Tenggara Timur" (2018). Research report of Pusat Pengembangan dan Pelindungan, Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa.

Year

2018

Comments

In otvay village, the younger generations (<15 years) can speak Adang, but its usage is limited in the domestic domain, while in Adang Buom and Aimoli villages, the younger generations (<15 years) are only passive speakers, even some generations cannot understand it.

Educational attainment

46

54

3,076

No education

Source

Population Census 2010 (Statistics Indonesia)

Comments

No education includes never/not yet attend school and never/not yet completed primary school.
2010 Population Census was not collect data about informal education such as early chilhood education.
Lower secondary school is Junior High School.
Upper secondary school includes Senior High School, Vocational High School, Diploma I/II, Diploma III/Academy, Diploma IV/Undergraduate, and Postgraduate.

43

57

3,511

Primary education

Source

Population Census 2010 (Statistics Indonesia)

54

46

994

Lower secondary education

Source

Population Census 2010 (Statistics Indonesia)

64

36

643

Higher secondary education

Source

Population Census 2010 (Statistics Indonesia)

71

29

41

Tertiary education

Source

Population Census 2010 (Statistics Indonesia)

Occupational qualifications

Elementary occupations

Language competence

Understand all, speak/sign well

Comments

Understand all, speak fluenty : it is confined to only older generations (>65 years).
Understand all, speak wall: it is confined to middle and older generations (15 years and older).
Understand well, speak some: it is decreased among younger generations (<15 years).
Understand little, speak none: it is decreased among younger generations (<15 years).

Year

2018

Source

"Kajian Vitalitas Bahasa Adang di Nusa Tenggara Timur" (2018). Research report of Pusat Pengembangan dan Pelindungan, Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa.

Literacy of users

Less than 1% of users with literacy in the language

Source

"Kajian Vitalitas Bahasa Adang di Nusa Tenggara Timur" (2018). Research report of Pusat Pengembangan dan Pelindungan, Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa.

Year

2018

Comments

The Adang does not have writing system. This language is written in Latin. The speakers over the age of 65 can read and write Adang well; The midle generations can read Adang well, while they can write some. The young generations can read Adang, while they can not write none.

Digital use

No digital language use

5. Use

Socio-geographic dimension

Geographic scope

International
Supranational
Cross-border (states)
State-wide
Supra-regional cross-border
Supra-regional
Regional cross-border
Regional
Local

Source

Alor Barat Laut Subdistrict and Teluk Mutiara subdistrict, Alor Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province

Economic dimension

Economic scope

Quinary sector
Quaternary sector
Tertiary sector
Secondary sector
Primary sector
Language not used

Functional dimension

Functional scope

Public domains
Everyday domains
Private domains

Nature

equal

Stability

Decreasing

Comments

The Adang speakers use Melayu Kupang in public domain.
The Adang speakers use Melayu Kupang more than Adang language in everyday domain.
The Adang speakers use Melayu Kupang and Adang language in private domain equally.

Functional scope

Public domains
Everyday domains
Private domains

Nature

complementary

Stability

Decreasing

Functional scope

Public domains
Everyday domains
Private domains

Stability

Decreasing

Functional use in administration

Language use in administration

International level
National level
Regional level
Local level
Auxiliary use
No use

Ethnoculture

No use
Informal learning
Skills and knowledge
Performing arts
Social practices
Customary law
Traditional medicine
Knowledge and practices
Traditions and expressions

Formal Education

Early childhood education

Type of language use in education

Medium of instruction
Immersion teaching
Teaching subject
Occasionally used
Symbolically used

Primary level

Lower secondary level

Higher secondary level

Tertiary level

Public healthcare

Information, communication and cultural production

Digital sphere

Legal system

Language use in the legal system

General use
Legal transactions
Court proceedings
Written submissions
Spoken/signed testimonies
Language not used

The World Atlas of Languages is a beta version while data is being validated. Some inconsistencies may appear. The displayed data does not commit the Organization.