Saleman in Indonesia

2. Status

Status

Official country wide language
Official regional language
Official minority language
Recognised community language
Unrecognised community language

National language

No

Indigenous language

Yes

Comments

Saleman is a local language (bahasa daerah) in Central Maluku Regency, Maluku Province.

3. State

Documentation: materials

Written

Extended corpora
Annotated corpora
Corpus/corpora
Materials/corpus
Some materials
No materials

divider

Video

Extended corpora
Annotated corpora
Corpus/corpora
Materials/corpus
Some materials
No materials

divider

Audio

Extended corpora
Annotated corpora
Corpus/corpora
Materials/corpus
Some materials
No materials

divider

Documentation: descriptions

Elaborated dictionaries, grammars, statistical language models, etc.
Dictionaries and grammars
Dictionary and grammar
Glossary and descriptions
Few descriptions
No descriptions

Digital

No

Comments

Saleman hasn't been well documented.

Standardization

Modern standard language
Young standard language
Standardised language
Quasi-standard language
Semi-standardised language
Un-standardised language

Graphisation & script encoding

Standardised writing system with full script encoding
Conventionalised writing system with partial script encoding
Consistent writing system with no script encoding
Unsystematic writing system(s)
Limited written use
No written use

Comments

No orthography is available for Saleman.

4. Users

Geographical distribution

Users live and dominate in all regions of the country
Users live in one [state/...] of the country
Users live in a cross-border region [state/...] of the country
Users live in separated [states/...] of the country
Users live dispersed across one [state/...] of the country
Users live scattered all over the country

Settlements

Rural
Urban

Administrative units of the country

Negeri Saleman, Seram Utara Barat subdistrict, Central Maluku regency, Maluku Province.

Comments

Saleman is a language whose vitality is diminishing.

Size / Number of users

Number of users

1671

Source

Seram Utara Barat Subdistrict in Figure 2018 (BPS-Statistics of Maluku Tengah Regency)

Year

2018

Comments

This figure represents the total population in Saleman village.

Users within total population

Less than 1% use the language

Users within the reference community

Less than 50% use the language

Actual percentage

15

Source

Seram Utara Barat Subdistrict in Figure 2018 (BPS-Statistics of Maluku Tengah Regency)

Year

2018

Comments

Population information from the Seram Utara Barat sub-district provided by BPS was used to calculate this percentage.

Age distribution of users

0

percentage of members of young generations (< 15)

Comments

When the research was conducted in 2018, no information on the age distribution of Saleman users had been gathered.

Age distribution of users

0

percentage of members of middle generations (15-65)

Age distribution of users

0

percentage of members of older generations (> 65)

Generational use

50

Limited to middle and older generations

Source

The Saleman vitality research report conducted by the Agency for Language Development and Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology.

Year

2018

Comments

The generational language use of Saleman is limited to the older generation aged 30 and up.
The percentage of female and male users is generated from data provided by BPS (2018)

Educational attainment

Comments

When the research was conducted in 2018, no information on the educational attainment of Saleman users had been gathered.

Occupational qualifications

Comments

When the research was conducted in 2018, no information on the occupational qualification of Saleman users had been gathered.

Language competence

Understand all, speak/sign fluently

Comments

Grandparental generation and up speak Saleman fluently.
The average generation aged 30 and younger in Saleman can no longer actively speak Saleman. The use of Ambonese Malay in daily life discourages its use.

Year

2018

Source

The Saleman vitality research report conducted by the Agency for Language Development and Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology.

Understand some, speak/sign little

Comments

Children are passive speakers of the Saleman language.

Year

2018

Source

The Saleman vitality research report conducted by the Agency for Language Development and Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology.

Literacy of users

No one with literacy in the language

Comments

Saleman is spoken language, not written language

Digital use

No digital language use

Comments

Saleman tend to be not used in digital communication.

5. Use

Socio-geographic dimension

Geographic scope

International
Supranational
Cross-border (states)
State-wide
Supra-regional cross-border
Supra-regional
Regional cross-border
Regional
Local

Source

The result of language mapping in Indonesia conducted by the Agency for Language Development and Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology (2019)

Economic dimension

Economic scope

Quinary sector
Quaternary sector
Tertiary sector
Secondary sector
Primary sector
Language not used

Functional dimension

Functional scope

Public domains
Everyday domains
Private domains

Functional scope

Public domains
Everyday domains
Private domains

Nature

equal

Stability

Decreasing

Functional scope

Public domains
Everyday domains
Private domains

Nature

equal

Stability

Decreasing

Comments

Saleman and Ambonese Malay are used in the private domain. The majority of the children speak Ambonese Malay or Indonesian at home. When their parents speak Saleman, their children respond in Ambonese Malay or Indonesian. Likewise, in everyday domains, Saleman and Malay Ambon or Indonesia are used in communication.

Functional use in administration

Language use in administration

International level
National level
Regional level
Local level
Auxiliary use
No use

Comments

The language used in administration is Indonesia.

Ethnoculture

No use
Informal learning
Skills and knowledge
Performing arts
Social practices
Customary law
Traditional medicine
Knowledge and practices
Traditions and expressions

Formal Education

Language not used

Comments

The language used at all levels of formal education is Indonesian.

Public healthcare

Comments

The language used in healthcare domains is Ambonese Malay or Indonesian.

Information, communication and cultural production

Comments

The language used in information, communication, and cultural production is Indonesian.

Digital sphere

Comments

The language used in the digital sphere is Indonesian.

Legal system

Language use in the legal system

General use
Legal transactions
Court proceedings
Written submissions
Spoken/signed testimonies
Language not used

Comments

The language used in the legal system is Indonesian.

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