Hmar in India

Speakers

98,988

Type

Location

Hmar in India

Country

Information available

1. Basics

Names

Hmar in India

Size

98,988

2. Status

Status

  • Official country wide language
  • Official regional language
  • Official minority language
  • Recognised community language
  • Unrecognised community language
National language
No
Indigenous language
Yes
Administrative units of the country
Manipur, Assam, Mizoram

3. State

Documentation: materials

Written

  • Extended corpora
  • Annotated corpora
  • Corpus/corpora
  • Materials/corpus
  • Some materials
  • No materials
Digital
Yes
Comments
Material available for Hmar language comprises of History, religious texts and other books
Hmar History
https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.467400

India Hmar Chhak (Hmanah-Assam) Ram Thu Ed. 2nd
https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.467373/page/n5/mode/2up

The Holy Bible: Hmar
https://archive.org/details/rosettaproject_hmr_gen-1

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Video

  • Extended corpora
  • Annotated corpora
  • Corpus/corpora
  • Materials/corpus
  • Some materials
  • No materials
Digital
Yes
Comments
English - Mizo - Hmar Kitchen conversation,
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iUnr9YTLY2k

Hmar English spoken, Learn Mizo & Hmar - Office Conversation
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bky4WBV3eNo

The Hmar Times' interview with Lily Darnei,
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R1C_ukXMeWQ

Learn Mizo and Hmar with Voice|intermediate part II|Free guide for those in need|Language Learning etc.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uFau8rL7hfQ

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Audio

  • Extended corpora
  • Annotated corpora
  • Corpus/corpora
  • Materials/corpus
  • Some materials
  • No materials
Digital
Yes
Comments
Some audio recordings available.
https://globalrecordings.net/en/language/hmr
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.hmarsongbook.hmar

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Documentation: descriptions

  • Elaborated dictionaries, grammars, statistical language models, etc.
  • Dictionaries and grammars
  • Dictionary and grammar
  • Glossary and descriptions
  • Few descriptions
  • No descriptions
Digital
Yes
Comments
Material is available in the form of books, grammars, dictionaries, etc.

Learn to speak Hmar
https://inpui.blogspot.com/2009/03/learn-to-speak-hmar-lesson-1.html

https://archive.org/details/rosettaproject_hmr_detail-1

Thanglung, {}. 1976. Dr. Thanglung's English-Hmar Dictionary. 2nd edn. Sielmat, Manipur: The Independent Church of India Press. 220pp.

Devi, Yumnan Satyabati. 2010. A comparative phonology of Hmar, Paite and Vaiphei. (Doctoral dissertation, Canchipur: Manipur University; 271pp.)

Pudaite, Josangkim. 1976. Hmar-English Vocabulary Finder. Churachangpur: L & R Printing Press. 220

Borah, Ashim. 2020. Ethnographic Report on the Hmars of Assam. Jawaharnagar/Guwahati: Assam Institute of Research for Tribals and Scheduled Castes. 114pp.

https://lai.ciil.org/items/2e1b59ef-4525-4abb-a514-4e07710b6f86

Standardization

  • Modern standard language
  • Young standard language
  • Standardised language
  • Quasi-standard language
  • Semi-standardised language
  • Un-standardised language

Graphisation & script encoding

  • Standardised writing system with full script encoding
  • Conventionalised writing system with partial script encoding
  • Consistent writing system with no script encoding
  • Unsystematic writing system(s)
  • Limited written use
  • No written use
Comments
Hmar written with Latin script

4. Users

Geographical distribution

  • Users live and dominate in all regions of the country
  • Users live in one [state/...] of the country
  • Users live in a cross-border region [state/...] of the country
  • Users live in separated [states/...] of the country
  • Users live dispersed across one [state/...] of the country
  • Users live scattered all over the country

Settlements

  • Rural
  • Urban
Comments
https://www.langlex.com/cens/MTProfile.php?mtname=Hmar

Size / Number of users

Number of users

98988
Source
Census of India
Year
2011

Users within total population

Users within the reference community

Age distribution of users

Generational use

Educational attainment

Occupational qualifications

Language competence

Literacy of users

Digital use

5. Use

Socio-geographic dimension

Geographic scope
  • International
  • Supranational
  • Cross-border (states)
  • State-wide
  • Supra-regional cross-border
  • Supra-regional
  • Regional cross-border
  • Regional
  • Local
Source
https://www.langlex.com/cens/MTProfile.php?mtname=Hmar

Economic dimension

Functional dimension

Functional use in administration

Language use in administration
  • International level
  • National level
  • Regional level
  • Local level
  • Auxiliary use
  • No use

Types of language use

  • signed / spoken use
  • written use
  • digital use
Comments
State/District

Ethnoculture

  • No use
  • Informal learning
  • Skills and knowledge
  • Performing arts
  • Social practices
  • Customary law
  • Traditional medicine
  • Knowledge and practices
  • Traditions and expressions

Formal Education

Early childhood education
Primary level
Lower secondary level
Higher secondary level
Tertiary level

Public healthcare

Information, communication and cultural production

  • Information services
  • Broadcasting
  • Video, film
  • Sound/music recording
  • Publishing activities
  • Language not used
  • Information services
  • Broadcasting
  • Video, film
  • Sound/music recording
  • Publishing activities
  • Language not used
  • Information services
  • Broadcasting
  • Video, film
  • Sound/music recording
  • Publishing activities
  • Language not used
  • Information services
  • Broadcasting
  • Video, film
  • Sound/music recording
  • Publishing activities
  • Language not used

Legal system

Language use in the legal system
  • General use
  • Legal transactions
  • Court proceedings
  • Written submissions
  • Spoken/signed testimonies
  • Language not used

Areas of law the language is used

  • Criminal law
  • Civil law
  • Administrative law

Geographical scope of legal language use

  • Local
  • Regional
  • National
  • International

Completion