Malayalam in India

2. Status

Status

Official country wide language
Official regional language
Official minority language
Recognised community language
Unrecognised community language

National language

Yes

Indigenous language

No

Administrative units of the country

Kerala, Lakshadweep, Puducherry (Mahé)

3. State

Documentation: materials

Written

Extended corpora
Annotated corpora
Corpus/corpora
Materials/corpus
Some materials
No materials

Digital

Yes

Comments

Extended corpora is available in Malayalam language in the form of books related to language culture and literature.
Hermann Gundert (1868) A Grammar of the Malayalam Language. plebst & Stolz, Basel Mission Press, Mangalore.

OUR INDIA - MALAYALAM by MINOO MASANI https://archive.org/details/OURINDIAMALAYALAM

https://lai.ciil.org/items/bf4820e6-4cb8-4064-a15c-ecb358f8cf72

https://lai.ciil.org/items/1c5f408f-f931-4a8e-8412-88d51d57b8df

https://lai.ciil.org/browse/language?value=Malayalam

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Video

Extended corpora
Annotated corpora
Corpus/corpora
Materials/corpus
Some materials
No materials

Digital

Yes

Comments

Videos about culture, language, interviews, dance and songs are available in Malayalam language.
https://archive.org/details/dni.ncaa.IGRMS-2U_18-UMHB
https://archive.org/details/dni.ncaa.IGRMS-16MM_82-FR
https://www.yupptv.com/tv-channels/malayalam
https://www.onlinechannels.live/category/malayalam/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tHK94GE53VQ

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Audio

Extended corpora
Annotated corpora
Corpus/corpora
Materials/corpus
Some materials
No materials

Digital

Yes

Comments

Audio material in the form of songs, news, interviews and other are available in Malayalam language.
https://archive.org/details/cd_malayalam-devotional-songs_bhaktigeethungal
https://archive.org/details/lp_the-best-film-songs-of-k-j-jesudos-malayal_yesudas
https://onlineradiofm.in/stations/all-india-radio-air-malayalam
https://radiosindia.com/airmalayalam.html
https://lai.ciil.org/items/e466a8aa-c493-43ff-8d1c-2d6f86fc745b

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Documentation: descriptions

Elaborated dictionaries, grammars, statistical language models, etc.
Dictionaries and grammars
Dictionary and grammar
Glossary and descriptions
Few descriptions
No descriptions

Digital

Yes

Comments

Elaborated dictionaries and grammars are available in Malayalam language.
https://www.pdfdrive.com/malayalam-language-books.html

Parvathy Prasad .S, Rose Mary, (2015) Emergence of Malayalam as an Independent Classical Language-An Overview .International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR). ISSN (Online): 2319-7064 https://www.ijsr.net/archive/v5i8/ART20161013.pdf

Peet, J. (2008). A Grammar of the Malayalam Language (1st ed.). Gorgias Press. Retrieved from https://www.perlego.com/book/1162732/a-grammar-of-the-malayalam-language-pdf (Original work published 2008)

Kumari, B. Syamala. 1981. An intensive course in Malayalam. Mysore: CIIL. 933pp.

Sudha, Bai B. 1984. Case grammar of standard Malayalam. (Doctoral dissertation, Trivandrum: University of Kerala; 579pp.)

George, K. M. 1971. Malayalam grammar and reader. [s.l.]: Trivandrum: George; Kottayam: distributors, National Book Stall. viii+342pp.

K. M. Narayana Menon. 1967. Historical grammar of Early Old Malayalam. (Doctoral dissertation, Poona: Deccan College; 471pp.)

R. Khampuran. 1980. A descriptive analysis of Malayalam. (Doctoral dissertation, Poona: Deccan College).

https://lai.ciil.org/browse/language?value=Malayalam

Standardization

Modern standard language
Young standard language
Standardised language
Quasi-standard language
Semi-standardised language
Un-standardised language

Graphisation & script encoding

Standardised writing system with full script encoding
Conventionalised writing system with partial script encoding
Consistent writing system with no script encoding
Unsystematic writing system(s)
Limited written use
No written use

Comments

Malayalam written with Malayalam script

4. Users

Geographical distribution

Users live and dominate in all regions of the country
Users live in one [state/...] of the country
Users live in a cross-border region [state/...] of the country
Users live in separated [states/...] of the country
Users live dispersed across one [state/...] of the country
Users live scattered all over the country

Settlements

Rural
Urban

Size / Number of users

Number of users

34838819

Source

Census of India

Year

2011

Users within total population

100 % use the language

Users within the reference community

100 % use the language

Age distribution of users

Generational use

All generations

Educational attainment

Occupational qualifications

Language competence

34,838,819

Understand all, speak/sign fluently

Year

2011

Literacy of users

(Almost) 100 % of users with literacy in the language

Actual percentage

94

Source

https://spb.kerala.gov.in/economic-review/ER2016/chapter01_01.php#:~:te….

Year

2011

Digital use

5. Use

Socio-geographic dimension

Geographic scope

International
Supranational
Cross-border (states)
State-wide
Supra-regional cross-border
Supra-regional
Regional cross-border
Regional
Local

Economic dimension

Functional dimension

Functional scope

Public domains
Everyday domains
Private domains

Nature

complementary

Stability

Increasing

Functional scope

Public domains
Everyday domains
Private domains

Nature

complementary

Stability

Increasing

Functional scope

Public domains
Everyday domains
Private domains

Nature

complementary

Stability

Increasing

Functional use in administration

Language use in administration

International level
National level
Regional level
Local level
Auxiliary use
No use

Types of language use

signed / spoken use
written use
digital use

Language is used for

Census data
Census surveys
Election processes
Topographical signs

Ethnoculture

No use
Informal learning
Skills and knowledge
Performing arts
Social practices
Customary law
Traditional medicine
Knowledge and practices
Traditions and expressions

Formal Education

Early childhood education

Primary level

Lower secondary level

Higher secondary level

Tertiary level

Public healthcare

Language not used
Translations
Healthcare information
Nursing care (incl. elderly)
Doctor-patient communication
Generally used

Information, communication and cultural production

Information services
Broadcasting
Video, film
Sound/music recording
Publishing activities
Language not used

Information services
Broadcasting
Video, film
Sound/music recording
Publishing activities
Language not used

Information services
Broadcasting
Video, film
Sound/music recording
Publishing activities
Language not used

Information services
Broadcasting
Video, film
Sound/music recording
Publishing activities
Language not used

Information services
Broadcasting
Video, film
Sound/music recording
Publishing activities
Language not used

Legal system

Language use in the legal system

General use
Legal transactions
Court proceedings
Written submissions
Spoken/signed testimonies
Language not used

The World Atlas of Languages is a beta version while data is being validated. Some inconsistencies may appear. The displayed data does not commit the Organization.