Toto in India

Speakers

14,002,012

Type

Location

Toto in India

Country

Information available

1. Basics

Names

Toto in India

Size

14,002,012

2. Status

Status

  • Official country wide language
  • Official regional language
  • Official minority language
  • Recognised community language
  • Unrecognised community language
National language
No
Indigenous language
Yes
Administrative units of the country
Eastern India

3. State

Documentation: materials

Written

  • Extended corpora
  • Annotated corpora
  • Corpus/corpora
  • Materials/corpus
  • Some materials
  • No materials
Digital
Yes
Comments
Anderson, Toby. 2017. Toto Alphabet. Draft. https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/75094

Anderson, Toby. 2019. Toto – English. SIL International Dictionary https://www.webonary.org/toto/

divider

Video

  • Extended corpora
  • Annotated corpora
  • Corpus/corpora
  • Materials/corpus
  • Some materials
  • No materials
Digital
Yes
Comments
Documentary, songs, culture, Language and Community, wedding and rituals

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zyOBDk3_Qx4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LZPYHSW4nGg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MTqOalaObyQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OJfp-DQbF7I
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SpOHZ38Uwm0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ckGqrN6Lvk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MHGyD_MVKCo

divider

Audio

  • Extended corpora
  • Annotated corpora
  • Corpus/corpora
  • Materials/corpus
  • Some materials
  • No materials
Digital
Yes
Comments
https://globalrecordings.net/en/language/txo
https://lai.ciil.org/search?spc.page=1&query=toto&spc.sf=score&spc.sd=DESC

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Documentation: descriptions

  • Elaborated dictionaries, grammars, statistical language models, etc.
  • Dictionaries and grammars
  • Dictionary and grammar
  • Glossary and descriptions
  • Few descriptions
  • No descriptions
Digital
Yes
Comments
Perumalsamy, P. 2011. Toto. In West Bengal: Part-I, 628-702. India: Language Division Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner.

Basumatary, Chibiram. 2016. A Descriptive Grammar of Toto. (Doctoral dissertation, Silchar: Assam University; xvi+204pp.).

Chakrabarty, Amit Kumar. 2006. Phonological morphological and syntactic study of the Toto language in the light of bengali and english linguistic analysis. (Doctoral dissertation, Department of English, The University of Burdwan). shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/65990.

Majumdar, Bimalendu. 1998. The Totos : cultural and economic transformation of a small tribe in the sub-Himalayan Bengal. India, Academic Enterprise, 

Sudhirkumar Bishnu. 2012. A descriptive study of Toto language. Kolkata: The Shee Book Agency. 177pp.

Datta, Ketaki. 2021. Oral Stories of the Totos. Sahitya Akademi,

Majumdar, B. 2020. The Totos: A Small Primitive Tribe of Sub-Himalayan Bengal. India: West Bengal State Akademi of Dance Drama Music & Visual Arts, Rabindra Bharati University.

Standardization

  • Modern standard language
  • Young standard language
  • Standardised language
  • Quasi-standard language
  • Semi-standardised language
  • Un-standardised language

Graphisation & script encoding

  • Standardised writing system with full script encoding
  • Conventionalised writing system with partial script encoding
  • Consistent writing system with no script encoding
  • Unsystematic writing system(s)
  • Limited written use
  • No written use
Comments
Toto is written with Bengali, Devanagari, Toto script
https://scriptsource.org/cms/scripts/page.php?item_id=language_detail&key=txo

4. Users

Geographical distribution

  • Users live and dominate in all regions of the country
  • Users live in one [state/...] of the country
  • Users live in a cross-border region [state/...] of the country
  • Users live in separated [states/...] of the country
  • Users live dispersed across one [state/...] of the country
  • Users live scattered all over the country

Settlements

  • Rural
  • Urban
Administrative units of the country
West Bengal

Size / Number of users

Number of users

14002012
Source
SIL, https://www.ethnologue.com/language/txo/
Year
2012

Users within total population

Users within the reference community

Age distribution of users

Generational use

Educational attainment

Occupational qualifications

Language competence

Literacy of users

Digital use

5. Use

Socio-geographic dimension

Geographic scope
  • International
  • Supranational
  • Cross-border (states)
  • State-wide
  • Supra-regional cross-border
  • Supra-regional
  • Regional cross-border
  • Regional
  • Local
Source
https://www.ethnologue.com/language/txo/

Economic dimension

Functional dimension

Functional use in administration

Language use in administration
  • International level
  • National level
  • Regional level
  • Local level
  • Auxiliary use
  • No use

Types of language use

  • signed / spoken use
  • written use
  • digital use

Ethnoculture

  • No use
  • Informal learning
  • Skills and knowledge
  • Performing arts
  • Social practices
  • Customary law
  • Traditional medicine
  • Knowledge and practices
  • Traditions and expressions

Formal Education

Early childhood education
Primary level
Lower secondary level
Higher secondary level
Tertiary level

Public healthcare

Information, communication and cultural production

  • Information services
  • Broadcasting
  • Video, film
  • Sound/music recording
  • Publishing activities
  • Language not used
  • Information services
  • Broadcasting
  • Video, film
  • Sound/music recording
  • Publishing activities
  • Language not used
  • Information services
  • Broadcasting
  • Video, film
  • Sound/music recording
  • Publishing activities
  • Language not used

Legal system

Areas of law the language is used

  • Criminal law
  • Civil law
  • Administrative law

Geographical scope of legal language use

  • Local
  • Regional
  • National
  • International

Completion