Buru (Indonesia) in Indonesia

2. Status

Status

Official country wide language
Official regional language
Official minority language
Recognised community language
Unrecognised community language

National language

No

Indigenous language

Yes

Administrative units of the country

Fena Leisela Subdistrict, South Buru District; Kepala Madan Subdistrict. Buru District. Maluku Province

Comments

Buru is one of local languages in Indonesia spoken in Buru Island, Maluku Province

3. State

Documentation: materials

Written

Extended corpora
Annotated corpora
Corpus/corpora
Materials/corpus
Some materials
No materials

divider

Video

Extended corpora
Annotated corpora
Corpus/corpora
Materials/corpus
Some materials
No materials

divider

Audio

Extended corpora
Annotated corpora
Corpus/corpora
Materials/corpus
Some materials
No materials

divider

Documentation: descriptions

Elaborated dictionaries, grammars, statistical language models, etc.
Dictionaries and grammars
Dictionary and grammar
Glossary and descriptions
Few descriptions
No descriptions

Digital

No

Standardization

Modern standard language
Young standard language
Standardised language
Quasi-standard language
Semi-standardised language
Un-standardised language

Graphisation & script encoding

Standardised writing system with full script encoding
Conventionalised writing system with partial script encoding
Consistent writing system with no script encoding
Unsystematic writing system(s)
Limited written use
No written use

Comments

No ortography is available to the Buru community.

4. Users

Geographical distribution

Users live and dominate in all regions of the country
Users live in one [state/...] of the country
Users live in a cross-border region [state/...] of the country
Users live in separated [states/...] of the country
Users live dispersed across one [state/...] of the country
Users live scattered all over the country

Settlements

Rural
Urban

Administrative units of the country

Fena Leisela Subdistrict, South Buru Regency; Kepala Madan Subdistrict, Buru Regency. Maluku Province.

Comments

This language is spoken in Buru island.

Size / Number of users

Number of users

14346

Source

2010 Population Census (BPS-Statistics Indonesia)

Year

2010

Comments

Question about daily language only asked for five years old or above respondents.

Users within total population

Less than 1% use the language

Users within the reference community

More than 50% use the language

Actual percentage

90

Source

2010 Population Census (BPS-Statistics Indonesia);
"Kajian Vitalitas Bahasa Buru", research report of Agency for Language Development and Cultivation(2015)

Comments

Buru speakers constitute the major population in Fogi village, Kepala Madan Subdistrict, Wamlana and Waereman villages, Fena Leisela Subdistrict. In Fogi and Wamlana villages, the majority speak Buru language; while in Waereman, all speaks Buru language.

Age distribution of users

8,903

62

percentage of members of middle generations (15-65)

Source

2010 Population Census (BPS-Statistics Indonesia);
"Kajian Vitalitas Bahasa Buru", research report of Agency for Language Development and Cultivation(2015)

Year

2010

Comments

In Fogi, the Buru language is used mostly by very few speakers of the great-grandparental generation. In Wamlana, the Buru language is used mostly by the parental generation and up. In Waereman, the Buru language is used by all ages, from children up.

Age distribution of users

5,080

35

percentage of members of young generations (< 15)

Source

2010 Population Census (BPS-Statistics Indonesia);
"Kajian Vitalitas Bahasa Buru", research report of Agency for Language Development and Cultivation(2015)

Year

2010

Comments

In Fogi, the Buru language is used mostly by very few speakers of the great-grandparental generation. In Wamlana, the Buru language is used mostly by the parental generation and up. In Waereman, the Buru language is used by all ages, from children up.

Age distribution of users

363

3

percentage of members of older generations (> 65)

Source

2010 Population Census (BPS-Statistics Indonesia);
"Kajian Vitalitas Bahasa Buru", research report of Agency for Language Development and Cultivation(2015)

Year

2010

Comments

In Fogi, the Buru language is used mostly by very few speakers of the great-grandparental generation. In Wamlana, the Buru language is used mostly by the parental generation and up. In Waereman, the Buru language is used by all ages, from children up.

Generational use

50

14,346

Reduced among young generations

Source

"Kajian Vitalitas Bahasa Buru", research report of Agency for Language Development and Cultivation(2015)

Year

2016

Comments

Based on survey in 2015, in Waereman, Fena Leisela Subdistrict, all generation can speak the language. In Wamlana, Fena Leisela Subdistrict only parental and grandparental generation speak the language, while younger generation do not speak the language. This language use is reduced among younger generation. In Fogi, Kepala Madan Subdistrict only some older generation speak the language.

Educational attainment

49

51

11,055

No education

Source

census, 2010

Comments

No education includes never/not yet attend school and never/not yet completed primary school.
2010 Population Census was not collect data about informal education such as early childhood education.

54

46

2,085

Primary education

Source

2010 Population Census (BPS-Statistics Indonesia)

Year

2010

63

37

694

Lower secondary education

Source

2010 Population Census (BPS-Statistics Indonesia)

Year

2010

71

29

468

Higher secondary education

Source

2010 Population Census (BPS-Statistics Indonesia)

Year

2010

70

30

44

Tertiary education

Source

2010 Population Census (BPS-Statistics Indonesia)

Year

2010

Occupational qualifications

Elementary occupations

Plant and machine operators and assemblers

Craft and related trades workers

Skilled agricultural, forestry and fishery workers

Language competence

Language not used

Understand little, speak/sign none

Understand some, speak/sign little

Understand well, speak/sign some

Understand all, speak/sign well

Understand all, speak/sign fluently

Literacy of users

Less than 1% of users with literacy in the language

Digital use

No digital language use

5. Use

Socio-geographic dimension

Geographic scope

International
Supranational
Cross-border (states)
State-wide
Supra-regional cross-border
Supra-regional
Regional cross-border
Regional
Local

Comments

Fena Leisela subdistrict, South Buru Regency and Kepala Madan Subdistrict, Buru Regency.

Economic dimension

Economic scope

Quinary sector
Quaternary sector
Tertiary sector
Secondary sector
Primary sector
Language not used

Functional dimension

Functional scope

Public domains
Everyday domains
Private domains

Nature

exclusive

Stability

Decreasing

Comments

In Fogi, the Buru speaker use Melayu Ambon almost in all domains. They use Melayu Ambon more than Buru language in private domains.
In Wamlana, the Buru speakers use Melayu Ambon in public domains; they use more Melayu Ambon than Buru language in everyday and private domains.
In Waereman, the Buru speakers use Melayu Ambon in public domains and use Buru more than Melayu Ambon language in everyday domains; they use only Buru language in private domains.

Functional scope

Public domains
Everyday domains
Private domains

Nature

equal

Stability

Decreasing

Comments

In Fogi, the Buru speaker use Melayu Ambon almost in all domains. They use Melayu Ambon more than Buru language in private domains.
In Wamlana, the Buru speakers use Melayu Ambon in public domains; they use more Melayu Ambon than Buru language in everyday and private domains.
In Waereman, the Buru speakers use Melayu Ambon in public domains and use Buru more than Melayu Ambon language in everyday domains; they use only Buru language in private domains.

Functional scope

Public domains
Everyday domains
Private domains

Stability

Decreasing

Comments

In Fogi, the Buru speaker use Melayu Ambon almost in all domains. They use Melayu Ambon more than Buru language in private domains.
In Wamlana, the Buru speakers use Melayu Ambon in public domains; they use more Melayu Ambon than Buru language in everyday and private domains.
In Waereman, the Buru speakers use Melayu Ambon in public domains and use Buru more than Melayu Ambon language in everyday domains; they use only Buru language in private domains.

Functional use in administration

Language use in administration

International level
National level
Regional level
Local level
Auxiliary use
No use

Ethnoculture

No use
Informal learning
Skills and knowledge
Performing arts
Social practices
Customary law
Traditional medicine
Knowledge and practices
Traditions and expressions

Formal Education

Early childhood education

Primary level

Lower secondary level

Higher secondary level

Tertiary level

Public healthcare

Information, communication and cultural production

Digital sphere

Legal system

Language use in the legal system

General use
Legal transactions
Court proceedings
Written submissions
Spoken/signed testimonies
Language not used

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